Analysis of the Historical Temperature of Different Cities of Pakistan to Determine the Trends and Shift in Temperature

Antrhopogenic activities are responsible for exponential increase in temperature recent dacades. To examine this variation, data from 30 meteorological stations Pakistan's largest cities were examined to determine the annual average and highest temperatures between 1981 2020. A combination of parametric non-parametric tests, including Sen's slope estimator, Mann-Kendall trend test, linear regression, utilized analysis. NASA Power Data Access Viewer provides historical climatic datasets which reliable provide promising results. We extracted footprints website mapped trends. About 90% meterological had rising trends, whereas 10% declining The increased by 0.49 °C per decade Gilgit, Hyderabad, Quetta, Lasbela, was rate change. Chitral, Nawabshah, Quetta experienced biggest that 0.34 decade. Various indicators e.g., simple regression respectively, revealed yearly at a 0.001 % (at 0.06 level). Annual increasing 27 23 experiencing 0.002 level significance Overall, findings indicated all parameters increasing, but during study period, more quickly than maximum temperature.